Kailuan coalfield is the famous coal basinof Permo-stonePeriod in the coal gathered region of North China, which locates in the east of Hebei Province, passes through Tangshan, LuanCounty, the south of LuanCounty, Fengrun, and Fengnan.The plane is like a strip from north to east. The area is 550 km².The Jingshan line goes through the coal basin .Kailuan Coal Mining Bureau is in charge of the mining of the coals.
Geological structure: Kailuan Coalfield is a syncline from north to east, called open and flat syncline, whose northeast rises and slope towards southwest. The dip angle in southeast is about 20º, and the northwest is a little steep. The axis of the syncline is the red and variegated strata of Later Permian Epoch, the wing is the coal system of Permo-stone Period and the outside is the limestone of the Ordovician Period .The face depth of the Ordovician System is less than 2000m.The whole syncline is covered by the Quaternary System, and the covered seam become thicker from north and east to south and west. The southwestern end of the coalfield is over 800 m thick. The partial section of the southeast of the syncline exists the diabase intrusive coal system of the Mesozoic, protruding by the form of stone wall and stone vein.
1. Coal system
①Tangshan Formation of Later Coal Epoch. It is constituted by the mudstone of marine and land transition facies, sand stone with thin limestone, and bauxite, which is 73m thick and contains three or four thin coal seams.②Tangping Formation of the middle of the Later Coal Epoch. It is constituted by sand stone of marine and land transition facies ,thin limestone and coal seam ,which is 65m thick.③Zhaogezhuang Formation of the later of the Later Coal Epoch. It is constituted by sand stones of land facies and coastal facies and siltstone with coal seam and the thickness is 79m.④Damiaozhuang Formation of the early of Early Permian Epoch. It is constituted by sand stones of land facies, siltstone, mudstone and coal seams, which is 74m thick. There are 18 of coal seams in the whole coal system, the whole or partial five to sevenseams are minable.
2. Resources
The amount of the resources in Kailuan Coalfield is 10.8 Gt, and about 4Gt is proved. The coal types are gas coal and fat coal, which are low-rich ash and low-rich sulpher and will be qualified coking coal after washing and preparing. There are many layers of bauxite mine and clay mine in the coal system and the covered stratum. The ceramics and refractory material products have been developed and the prospect of further development is optimistic. The pyrites of seam and nodule shape in the coal system and coal seam also have the bright prospect.
3. Geological condition for mining
The coal seam of Kailuan Coalfield is mainly in middle and thick level, and the dip angles are from gentle to sharp .In the whole, the geological condition is in the middle class. The hydrological and geological conditions are complex. There are five water bearing layers and the water is plentiful. The karst crevice water of the limestone of the Ordovician Period under the coal system threatens the coal shaft most, and many accidents have happened. The coal shafts in the northwest have the highest gas and belong to high gas shafts; while the shafts in southeast belongs to low gas ones. The natural ignition period of the coal seams is long and there is not the phenomenon of spontaneous combustion.
4. The general situation of the development
It was recorded that there were the activities of mining in Ming Dynasty. In 1878, Li Hongzhang and Tang Tingshu made preparation to found Kaiping Coalmine, and produced coals in 1881.That was the modernized mining operation .In 1900, Kaiping Coalmine was run by English merchants. In 1908, Luanzhou Coalmine was founded .In 1912, Kaiping and Luanzhou Coalmine merged into one-the General Bureau of Kailuan Coal Mining, operated by English merchant. It was taken over by the state after the founding of PRC in 1949. In nearly forty years, utilizing the convenient position and transportation, Kailuan Coal Mining Bureau mined in high intensity, and all coal resources in the shallow part have been moved. There are nine producing mines in the coalfield of Kailuan Coal Mining Bureau and the yearly production capacity is 28.80 Gt.It can produce 16.00 Gt of coals in one year. The original coalmine-Guogezhuang Coalmine had been mined up and the reserves in Tangjiazhuang Coalmine is a little and near abandonment. Now Kailuan Coalfield are developing and constructing the coal producing areas of Chezhoushan and Linnanchang.In the coalfield, some local coalmines develop the coals also and the production capacity is about more than one million tons in a year.
Busiunion
Busiunion